Fig. 1. The definition of the origins of tumor-feeding caudate arteries. R1 (right proximal), arising from the right hepatic artery (RHA) between its origin and the middle hepatic artery (MHA) bifurcation, or the cystic artery bifurcation if MHA was not present; R2 (right distal), arising from RHA between MHA (or cystic artery) bifurcation and the bifurcation of the anterior and posterior segmental artery of RHA. If both MHA and the cystic artery were not present, RHA was divided into the two equal parts; L1 (left proximal), arising from the left hepatic artery (LHA) between its origin and the medial segmental artery (A4) bifurcation; L2 (left distal), arising from LHA between A4 bifurcation and the umbilical portion of LHA. If A4 did not arise from LHA, LHA was divided into the two equal parts; A, arising from the anterior segmental artery of RHA; P, arising from the posterior segmental artery of RHA; M, arising from MHA or A4; Ph, arising from the proper hepatic artery; Ch, arising from the common hepatic artery; Ex, arising from the extrahepatic vessels; CHA, common hepatic artery; GDA, gastroduodenal artery.
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