pISSN 2636-0004eISSN 2636-0012
pISSN 2636-0004Risk Factors for Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis (PEP)6
| Major | Minor |
|---|---|
| Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction | Female patients aged less than 60 years |
| History of previous PEP | Nondilated CBD (≤ 6 mm) |
| Pancreatic duct injection | Normal serum bilirubin (< 2 mg/dL) |
| Freehand needle knife sphincterotomy | Failure to remove all bile duct stones |
| Balloon sphincter dilation without sphincterotomy | Failed cannulation |
| More than 1 deep pancreatic guidewire passage | Difficult cannulation (time to CBD cannulation more than 10 minutes or more than 5 attempts at cannulation) |